Tuesday, 17 June 2014

LIQUIDATION  OF PARTNERSHIP  BY LUMP SUM METHOD

 This lump sum method is just  one method,  the other one being the LIQUIDATION BY INSTALLMENT

THERE ARE TWO STEPS IN THE TERMINATION OF A PARTNERSHIP
     A.   REALIZATION   -   converting of non cash assets into cash
       b.  liquidation           -     dstribution of cash

  DISTRIBUTION  CLASSIFIED INTO TWO:
      1.    BY LUMP SUM   -  method where all non cash ;are realized first, before  Any cash distribution.is made .
      2.   by installment -  cash is distributed as it is collected

     THE FOLLOWING SEQUENCE ON REALIZATION:
       1.   Liabilities are paid first.
       2.  loans of partners to the firm
       3. partners capital

  However, at the time of liquidation , partners loan need not be distinguished from partners capital.
 A partners loan should not be paid if he has a debit balance on capital or his capital credit is not sufficient.

Recording Procedures:

1. to record proceeds of sales of assets  any loss on sales is debited to  "  loss on realization or credited  "gain on realization.
2.  any  gain or loss on  realization is is distributed to capital accounts
3. to record payment of liabilities
4. to record payment of partners loan
5. cash distribution to partners.

IF AFTER THE DISTRIBUTION OF LOSS ON REALIZATION , A PARTNERS CAPITAL IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO COVER HIS SHARE ON LOSS ,  IT MAY BE COVERED BY:

   A.   offset any loans payable to him to his negative capital . and balance shall be paid by him if he is solvent.
   b.   in case he is insolvent the remaining partners shall  transfer their share on that balance of capital deficiency of the other partner  , so the deficient capital will become zero capital..
   

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE:

The ledger showed the following balances

         Cash                            43,000
         ACCT REC               155,000
         ALLO, BDEBTS                                                   25,000
        INVENTORY             250,000
       FIXED ASSETS          320,000
              DEPN                                                             50,000
                   NOTES PAY                                             40,000                     
                  ACCTS PAY                                                97,000
                 LOANS PAYBLE  BOY                             6,000            
                  BOY                                                         50,000
                PETE CAPITAL                                        200,000
                TONY CAPIT                                          300,000


all assets were sold for 476,000,  and cash were distributed to the partners.

ASSUMPTION NO. 1   profits shared equally,  deficient partners has personal money.
 
journal entry 1 .  FIRST PROCEDURE  TO SELL

            cash                         476,000
            allo. bad debts\          25,000
           allo. depn                   50,000
           loss on realization     174,000
                         all assets                     725,000
      to record sales of assets and closing of res. accounts and recognized the loss.


    entry 2   : TO DISTRIBUTE LOSS ON REALIZATION
              CAPITAL  BOY        58,000
                            PETE           58,000
                           TNY             58,000
                       loss on realization            174,000
      distribute loss based on sharing ratio

entry  3   ;    since  the share of loss of BOY IS BIGGER THAN HIS CAPITAL, this entry first.

                 loans payable boy       6,000
                         boy capital                    6,000
               to offset the loans payable to boy on his debit balance of capital of 8,000 the remaining is promised to be paid in cash

Entry  4.   to collect the balance o f  boy captal deficiency.

                   cash               2,000
                       capital boy                2,000

entry , 5 since fully settled the deficiency,  the settling of outside creditors

          accounts payable                   97,000
           notes                                    40,000
                      cash                                        137,000
      to pay liabilities.

entry 5  ;   distribute cash to partners based on their final balance of capital

              PETE CAPITAL                  142,000
             TONY  CAP                         242,000
                          CASH                                        384,000


YOU HAVE NOW TO PREPARE THE STATEMENT OF LIQUIDATION FOR CLARITY.

particulars      cash        non        liab.       loans pay          BOY               PETE                         TONY
balances        43          650      137             6                            50              200                          300
sell               476         476
loss                             174                                                  58                  58                                58
offset loans                                                 6                         6
pay def         2                                                                       2
balance       521          0           137           -                           -                   142                             242
pay liab       137                       137
bal               384                       -                                                                142                             242
pay partner   384                                                                                        142                             242
balance          ---                                                                                           -                                   -
======================================================================

ASSUMPTION  2   ;  Sharing  boy   40%, 30% 30% tony.  all partners insolvent.
                       CASH    NON CASH  LIAB.       LOANS     BOY      PETE            TONY

  balances         43            650               137              6            50        200                  300   
sell                  476          476 
loss                                 174                                                 69.6       52.2                  52.2
offset                                                                         6             6
bal                  519            -                    137             -          (13.6 )       147.8            247.8  
share def BOY                                                                         6.8          6.8               6.8
pay liab          137                                  137
bal                  382                                                                                  141                241
distribute         382                                                                                   141               241
balces              0                                                                                        0                  0


AFTER YOU HAVE STUDIED THE ABOVE LIQUIDATION METHOD,  YOU MAY HAVE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1.  ANY PARTNER WHOSE CAPITAL IS SMALL  HAS THE TENDENCY THAT HIS CAPITAL WILL NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO ABSORB HIS  SHARE ON THE LOSS OF SALE OF NON CASH ASSETS, BECAUSE HE WILL SHARE ON  IMMEDIATELY ON ANY LOSS THAT WILL OCCUR.  IN THIS CASE HE WILL HAVE TO PAY BACK THE AMOUNT HE HAS RECEIVED IN THE PROCEEDS OF SALE BECAUSE HIS CAPITAL BECOME DEFICIENT.  IT IS NOT  PRACTICAL IN A SENSE.
 
2. THE PARTNERS WHO HAS A BIG CAPITAL   WILL RECEIVE INITIALLY A LESSER CASH  DISTRIBUTION BECAUSE EVEN THE PARTNERS MENTIONED IN NO. 1  WILL SHARE ON THE CASH DISTRIBUTION. WHERE LATER ON  HE WILL PAY BACK BECAUSE HIS CAPITAL IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO ABSORB THE LOSS ON SALES

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